The Atlas Mountains extend across Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia, forming a vast system of ranges between the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts and the Sahara. In Morocco, the system includes the High Atlas, Middle Atlas and Anti-Atlas, while additional ranges continue east through Algeria into Tunisia. Jebel Toubkal in Morocco rises to 4,167 metres, making it the highest summit in North Africa. The mountains contain deep valleys, high plateaus, forests and rocky peaks, with landscapes changing markedly from wetter northern slopes to dry areas bordering the Sahara.

Amazigh communities have lived throughout the Atlas region for generations, developing languages, architecture and agricultural practices suited to mountain environments. Villages are often built from local stone or earth and positioned near springs, rivers and terraced fields.

The High Atlas contains Toubkal National Park, where trails pass through juniper woodland, rocky valleys and alpine terrain around Jebel Toubkal. The Middle Atlas has extensive cedar forests, including habitat for Barbary macaques, while Morocco’s Anti-Atlas is characterized by dry mountains, oases and exposed rock formations.